Bupropion For ADHD
This is a brief summary of the available information on using Bupropion for ADHD.
ADHD, short for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, affects approximately 8% of adolescents. In about half of these cases, the disorder significantly impairs daily functioning. The primary symptoms of ADHD include difficulty in maintaining focus, hyperactivity, and impulsive behavior. These symptoms are typically observed across various domains and are not limited to specific environments.
Bupropion, as an active substance in medications like Wellbutrin, belongs to the class of norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors (NDRIs). By inhibiting the reuptake of noradrenaline and dopamine, it allows these neurotransmitters to remain in the synaptic cleft for longer, enhancing their effects on the brain.
The provided information is not individual medical advice. Remember to always consult with your psychiatrist before starting any new medications or if you are experiencing problems with your current medications.
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Evidence for Bupropion Use in ADHD
- Bupropion is not FDA-approved for ADHD.
- Although Bupropion is not traditionally considered the first-line treatment, some scientific studies in recent years have indicated its potential efficacy in reducing ADHD symptoms in adolescent psychiatry.
- One study from 2017 found low-quality evidence that bupropion decreased the severity of adult ADHD symptoms and moderately increased the proportion of participants achieving a significant clinical improvement in ADHD symptoms.
- Bupropion offers the advantage of a low risk of abuse, and the extended-release version only needs to be taken once daily.
Treatment with Bupropion For ADHD
- The use of Bupropion for ADHD is off-label and should only be considered when other FDA-approved treatments (such as Methylphenidate or Atomoxetine) are ineffective, contraindicated, or otherwise unsuitable.
- When possible, the extended-release formulation of the Bupropion should be used to increase treatment compliance.
- As with taking Bupropion for depression, the adult dosages start at 150 mg and can be titrated up to 450 mg per day.
Contraindications
- Seizure disorders or history of seizures.
- Abrupt discontinuation of alcohol or sedatives.
- Active eating disorders (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa).
- Concurrent use or recent discontinuation of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) within 14 days.
- Allergy or hypersensitivity to Bupropion or its components.
Potential Side Effects of Bupropion
- The side effects of taking Bupropion for ADHD may include headaches, dry mouth, sore throat, insomnia, dizziness, constipation, and increased pulse. These side effects typically subside within the first few months of treatment.
- Bupropion is generally well-tolerated in adolescents and young adults. It has a low risk of sexual dysfunction and absence of weight gain commonly associated with SSRIs.
- Bupropion carries an increased risk of seizures, particularly in individuals with a predisposition to epilepsy. Bupropion is also contraindicated for any other factors predisposing to seizures, such as discontinuation of alcohol or sedatives, brain tumors, and head trauma.
- Additionally, the FDA has issued a black box warning for Bupropion because of the potential increased risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors in depressed children, adolescents, and young adults.
Useful Information
- Bupropion is mainly used in the treatment of depression and smoking cessation. It is also FDA-approved as a treatment for seasonal affective disorder.
- Unlike other antidepressants, such as Fluoxetine, Bupropion has some evidence supporting its use in the treatment of ADHD.
- The drug was first patented in 1974. Before 2000, the drug was referred to as amfebutamone.
- Bupropion is one of the few antidepressants without sexual side effects.
Last update: September 2023
Disclaimer: The information provided is intended for general informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider, such as a physician, before starting any new treatment or making changes to your existing treatment plan. Individual responses to treatment may vary, and a healthcare professional can provide personalized guidance based on your specific needs and circumstances. If you are experiencing severe or persistent symptoms of disease or mental illness, seek immediate medical attention.